RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM MONITORING TRANSFORMATOR DISTRIBUSI BERBASIS ESP-32 GUNA DETEKSI DINI KONDISI ABNORMAL

Fenomena peningkatan beban transformator distribusi dapat menyebabkan arus tiap fasa mendekati atau melampaui batas operasi, disertai kenaikan suhu dan ketidakseimbangan beban yang berpotensi menurunkan keandalan transformator. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan perlunya sistem pemantauan yang mampu memberikan informasi secara cepat dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan membangun sistem monitoring kondisi transformator distribusi berbasis mikrokontroler ESP-32 untuk memantau arus tiap fasa dan suhu secara real-time serta mengolah data menjadi informasi overload, overheat, dan unbalance. Metode yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan delapan tahapan, yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba produk, revisi produk, dan uji coba pemakaian. Purwarupa menggunakan sensor SCT-013, DS18B20, ESP-32, Firebase Realtime Database, dan web monitoring. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan sistem mampu membaca, mengolah, mengirim, dan menampilkan data secara real-time.

The phenomenon of increasing distribution transformer loads can cause phase currents to approach or exceed operating limits, accompanied by rising temperature and load imbalance that may affect transformer reliability. This condition indicates the need for a monitoring system capable of providing information quickly and continuously. This study aims to design and develop a distribution transformer condition monitoring system based on an ESP-32 microcontroller to monitor phase currents and temperature in real time and process the data into overload, overheat, and unbalance information. The research employed Research and Development (R&D) consisting of eight stages: potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, product revision, and usage testing. The prototype uses SCT-013 current sensors, a DS18B20 temperature sensor, ESP-32, Firebase Realtime Database, and a web monitoring application. The test results show that the system can measure, process, transmit, and display data in real time.