Carlos, Christian ANALISIS WASTE MANHOURS PADA PROSES PERAWATAN C-CHECK PESAWAT AIRBUS 330 DENGAN METODE VALUE STREAM MAPPING (VSM). -. (Submitted)
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Abstract
Industri MRO (Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul) di Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan besar dalam meningkatkan efisiensi, produktivitas, dan daya saing di tingkat global, terutama dalam menghadapi kompetisi ketat dari perusahaan MRO internasional yang memiliki teknologi, sumber daya, dan sistem manajemen yang lebih maju. PT GMF Aeroasia, sebagai salah satu perusahaan MRO terbesar dan terkemuka di Indonesia, terus berupaya melakukan berbagai inovasi dan optimalisasi proses perawatan pesawat guna mengurangi deviasi manhours manhours atau waste serta memastikan pencapaian target waktu Turn Around Time (TAT) yang sesuai dengan komitmen kepada customer. Salah satu faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi kinerja dan profitabilitas perusahaan adalah manhours, yaitu jumlah jam kerja yang dibutuhkan atau dihabiskan untuk menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan. Peningkatan manhours yang tidak terkendali akan berdampak langsung pada naiknya manhours cost, yang pada akhirnya dapat menyebabkan tidak tercapainya target profit perusahaan. Dalam konteks ini, Form Analysis Profitability Maintenance (FAPM) menjadi instrumen penting yang memuat perencanaan profit yang diharapkan perusahaan dari setiap proyek maintenance. Salah satu variabel fixed cost terbesar dalam FAPM adalah manhours cost, sehingga deviasi yang signifikan antara manhours plan dan manhours actual akan berdampak langsung pada margin keuntungan. Berdasarkan data perusahaan, pada periode 2022 hingga 2024 tercatat terdapat 36 perawatan C-Check Airbus A330, namun hanya 9 perawatan yang berhasil mencapai target FAPM yang telah ditetapkan. Artinya, masih terdapat 27 perawatan yang tidak memenuhi target profitabilitas, sehingga diperlukan identifikasi akar masalah dan perumusan strategi perbaikan yang tepat. Untuk menjawab tantangan ini, penelitian menggunakan metode Value Stream Mapping (VSM) sebagai alat analisis utama. VSM dipilih karena mampu memberikan gambaran menyeluruh terhadap aliran proses, mengidentifikasi aktivitas yang bernilai tambah (value added) maupun yang tidak bernilai tambah (non value added), serta memetakan potensi deviasi manhours. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui pengumpulan data yang meliputi observasi langsung di lapangan, wawancara dengan personel terkait, studi literatur, serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan personel terkait. Hasil analisis melalui penyusunan Current State Mapping dan Process Activity Mapping menunjukkan bahwa pada phase inspection terjadi deviasi manhours paling signifikan. Secara khusus, aktivitas request for material menyumbang deviasi sebesar 347,4 manhours, sementara aktivitas request for tools and equipment menyumbang deviasi sebesar 295,025 manhours. Kedua aktivitas ini dikategorikan sebagai waste of waiting, di mana terjadi waktu tunggu yang tidak produktif akibat hambatan pada ketersediaan material maupun peralatan kerja. Untuk memahami lebih dalam penyebab permasalahan, dilakukan analisis Root Cause Analysis (RCA) dengan bantuan fishbone diagram, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode 5 Why untuk mengungkap akar masalah secara berlapis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab utama deviasi meliputi kesalahan input data pada jobcard, keterbatasan safety stock material penting, pengaturan dan tata letak penyimpanan yang kurang optimal, serta keterbatasan jumlah vendor atau pemasok yang bekerja sama dengan perusahaan. Faktor-faktor ini saling berkaitan dan memicu keterlambatan yang signifikan dalam proses kerja. Sebagai langkah perbaikan, dirumuskan solusi menggunakan pendekatan 5W+1H yang mencakup peninjauan ulang prosedur input data, peningkatan pengelolaan persediaan, perbaikan tata letak gudang, dan perluasan kerja sama dengan vendor. Tahap akhir penelitian menyusun Future State Mapping yang memvisualisasikan kondisi ideal setelah penerapan usulan perbaikan. Diharapkan, implementasi perbaikan ini tidak hanya mampu mengurangi deviasi manhours dan menekan biaya manhours cost, tetapi juga meningkatkan produktivitas tim, dan mendukung pencapaian target profitabilitas perusahaan secara konsisten di masa mendatang.
Kata kunci: Waste, Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Manhours, C-Check, Root Cause Analysis (RCA), 5W+1H, Inspection, Airbus 330
The MRO (Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul) industry in Indonesia continues to face significant challenges in improving efficiency, productivity, and competitiveness at the global level, particularly in facing intense competition from international MRO companies that possess more advanced technology, resources, and management systems. PT GMF AeroAsia, as one of the largest and most prominent MRO companies in Indonesia, continuously strives to implement various innovations and optimizations in aircraft maintenance processes to reduce manhours waste and ensure the achievement of Turn Around Time (TAT) targets in line with commitments to customers. One of the most critical factors influencing the company’s performance and profitability is manhours, defined as the total working hours required or spent to complete a task. Uncontrolled increases in manhours will directly impact the rise in manhours cost, which may ultimately lead to the failure to achieve the company’s profit targets. In this context, the Form Analysis Profitability Maintenance (FAPM) serves as an essential instrument that outlines the profit planning expected by the company for each maintenance project. One of the largest fixed cost variables in the FAPM is the manhours cost, meaning that significant deviations between planned manhours and actual manhours will directly affect profit margins. Company data from 2022 to 2024 shows that there were 36 C-Check maintenance events for Airbus A330 aircraft, but only 9 of them successfully achieved the FAPM targets set by the company. This means that 27 maintenance events did not meet profitability targets, indicating the need for proper root cause identification and the formulation of effective improvement strategies. To address this challenge, this research employs the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method as the primary analytical tool. VSM was chosen because it can provide a comprehensive overview of the process flow, identify value-added and non-value-added activities, and map potential waste. This research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collected through direct field observations, interviews with relevant personnel, literature studies, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with involved staff. The analysis, carried out through the development of the Current State Mapping and Process Activity Mapping, revealed that the inspection phase recorded the highest manhours deviation. Specifically, the request for material activity accounted for a deviation of 347.4 manhours, while the request for tools and equipment activity accounted for a deviation of 295.025 manhours. Both activities fall into the category of waste of waiting, in which non-productive waiting time occurs due to constraints in material availability and work equipment readiness. To gain a deeper understanding of the causes, a Root Cause Analysis (RCA) was conducted using a fishbone diagram, followed by the 5 Why method to uncover the root causes in greater depth. The research findings indicate that the main causes of the deviations include errors in jobcard data input, limitations in safety stock for essential materials, suboptimal storage layout and organization, and the limited number of vendors or suppliers collaborating with the company. These factors are interrelated and contribute to significant delays in the workflow. As a corrective measure, solutions were formulated using the 5W+1H approach, which includes revising data input procedures, improving inventory management, enhancing warehouse layout, and expanding vendor partnerships. The final stage of the research involved creating the Future State Mapping to visualize the ideal condition after the implementation of the proposed improvements. It is expected that these improvements will not only reduce manhours deviations and lower manhours cost but also enhance team productivity and support the consistent achievement of the company’s profitability targets in the future.
Keyword: Waste, Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Manhours, C-Check, Root Cause Analysis (RCA), 5W+1H, Inspection, Airbus 330
Item Type: | Article |
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Subjects: | T Technology > TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics |
Divisions: | DIV Teknik Pesawat Udara |
Depositing User: | Mr Christian Carlos Carlos |
Date Deposited: | 28 Aug 2025 08:56 |
Last Modified: | 28 Aug 2025 08:56 |
URI: | http://repository.ppicurug.ac.id/id/eprint/327 |