KAJIAN KEBUTUHAN KOMPETENSI HIGH ANGLE RESCUE TECHNIQUE (HART) BAGI PERSONEL AIRPORT RESCUE AND FIRE FIGHTING (ARFF) DALAM MENUNJANG KESELAMATAN DI BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL KUALANAMU

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kebutuhan kompetensi High Angle
Rescue Technique (HART) bagi personel Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF)
dalam menunjang keselamatan operasional di Bandar Udara Internasional
Kualanamu. Lingkungan bandara yang memiliki gedung tinggi, medan terjal, serta
kegiatan kerja di ketinggian menuntut kesiapsiagaan ARFF dalam melaksanakan
penyelamatan pada kondisi darurat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah
deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan studi
pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik Gap Analysis untuk
mengidentifikasi kesenjangan antara kondisi aktual dan kondisi ideal kompetensi
HART.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar personel ARFF belum
memiliki kompetensi HART secara optimal. Faktor penghambat yang diidentifikasi
mencakup kurangnya frekuensi pelatihan, minimnya fasilitas dan peralatan seperti
full body harness, pulley, dan rescue stretcher, serta belum adanya SOP atau modul
pelatihan resmi terkait HART. Meskipun beberapa pelatihan terbatas telah
dilakukan, seperti Live Fire Drill dan kerja sama dengan Vertical Rescue Indonesia,
namun belum terstruktur secara berkelanjutan. Mayoritas responden menyatakan
bahwa HART penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas evakuasi dan keselamatan di
area ketinggian. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar pelatihan HART dijadikan
kompetensi wajib bagi personel ARFF melalui regulasi internal yang lebih tegas
dan program pelatihan yang berkesinambungan.
Kata Kunci: HART, ARFF, penyelamatan di ketinggian, kompetensi.

This study aims to assess the competency needs of High Angle Rescue
Technique (HART) for Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) personnel in
supporting operational safety at Kualanamu International Airport. The airport
environment, which includes high-rise buildings, steep terrain, and elevated work
activities, demands ARFF readiness in conducting emergency rescues. This
research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through
observation, interviews, questionnaires, and literature review. Data were analyzed
using Gap Analysis to identify the disparity between the current and ideal
conditions of HART competency.
The results indicate that most ARFF personnel have not yet fully mastered
HART competencies. The main barriers include limited training frequency,
inadequate facilities and equipment such as full body harnesses, pulleys, and rescue
stretchers, and the absence of standard operating procedures (SOP) or official
HART training modules. Although some limited training sessions have been
conducted, such as Live Fire Drills and collaborations with Vertical Rescue
Indonesia, the programs are not yet structured and continuous. Most respondents
acknowledged that HART is essential for improving evacuation effectiveness and
safety in high-angle areas. Therefore, it is recommended that HART training be
established as a mandatory competency through stricter internal regulations and
continuous development programs.
Keywords: HART, ARFF, high angle rescue, competency.