ANALISIS KEANDALAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI LISTRIK PADA GARDU 2 POLITEKNIK PENERBANGAN INDONESIA CURUG

Keandalan sistem distribusi tenaga listrik merupakan faktor penting dalam
menjamin kontinuitas pasokan energi listrik pada fasilitas pendidikan yang
memiliki ketergantungan tinggi terhadap ketersediaan daya listrik. Gardu 2
Politeknik Penerbangan Indonesia Curug melayani berbagai fasilitas utama kampus
sehingga memerlukan sistem distribusi yang andal dan aman. Namun, kajian
mengenai evaluasi keandalan sistem distribusi listrik Gardu 2 Politeknik
Penerbangan Indonesia Curug berdasarkan kondisi eksisting masih terbatas,
khususnya yang menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk menganalisis tingkat keandalan jaringan distribusi listrik Gardu 2
berdasarkan kondisi eksisting, mengevaluasi kinerja operasional sistem, serta
mengidentifikasi komponen jaringan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap penurunan
keandalan sistem distribusi listrik Gardu 2. Metode penelitian yang digunakan
adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak
ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) melalui modul Reliability
Assessments dan Load Flow. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi indeks SAIFI,
SAIDI, dan CAIDI, serta analisis aliran daya, jatuh tegangan, dan evaluasi
kesesuaian sistem proteksi berdasarkan standar SPLN 68-2:1986, IEEE 1366, dan
PUIL 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks keandalan Gardu 2
masih memenuhi standar SPLN, dengan nilai SAIFI sebesar 2,74 kali/tahun, SAIDI
sebesar 9,81 jam/tahun, dan CAIDI sebesar 3,58 jam/gangguan, sehingga masih
memenuhi standar SPLN. Hasil simulasi ETAP juga menunjukkan kesesuaian
dengan hasil perhitungan manual, sedangkan analisis Load Flow menunjukkan
sistem masih beroperasi dalam batas jatuh tegangan yang diizinkan. Penelitian ini
mengidentifikasi penghantar utama, kapasitas proteksi, dan sistem genset sebagai
aspek yang perlu dievaluasi untuk meningkatkan keandalan sistem distribusi Gardu
2, serta menghasilkan single line diagram kondisi eksisting dokumen teknis sistem
distribusi. // The reliability of an electrical power distribution system is essential to ensuring the
continuity of electricity supply in educational facilities that depend heavily on
power availability. Substation 2 of the Indonesian Civil Aviation Polytechnic Curug
supplies electricity to various major campus facilities and therefore requires a
reliable and secure distribution system. However, studies evaluating the reliability
of Substation 2 electrical distribution system using ETAP remain limited. This study
aims to analyze the reliability level of the electrical distribution system at
Substation 2 based on its existing conditions, evaluate the operational performance
of the system, and identify the network components that most significantly affect
reliability degradation. The research employed a descriptive quantitative method.
The analysis was carried out using the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program
(ETAP) through the Reliability Assessment and Load Flow modules. The analyzed
parameters included the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI),
System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), and Customer Average
Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI) reliability indices, as well as load flow
analysis, voltage drop analysis, and evaluation of the protection system in
accordance with SPLN 68-2:1986, IEEE 1366, and PUIL 2020 standards. The
results indicate that the reliability indices of Substation 2 comply with the SPLN
standard, with SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI values of 2.74 interruptions/year, 9.81
hours/year, and 3.58 hours/interruption. The ETAP simulation results are
consistent with the manual calculations, while the Load Flow analysis shows that
the system operates within the allowable voltage drop limit. This study also
identifies the main feeder conductor, protection capacity, and the existing
generator set as components requiring further evaluation to improve the reliability
of the Substation 2 distribution system. In addition, this study provides an existing
condition single-line diagram as a technical document supporting the distribution
system.