MITIGASI RISIKO KEBAKARAN KENDARAAN LISTRIK GATE (GADJAHMADA AIRPORT TRANSPORTER ELECTRIC) DALAM KEADAAN DARURAT DI AREA LANDSIDE YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Penggunaan kendaraan listrik sebagai sarana operasional bandar udara mendukung
transportasi yang lebih ramah lingkungan, namun juga menimbulkan potensi risiko
kebakaran akibat karakteristik baterai lithium-ion. Penelitian ini bertujuan
menganalisis potensi risiko penggunaan kendaraan listrik GATe (GadjahMada
Airport Transporter Electric), potensi keadaan darurat akibat kebakaran, serta upaya
mitigasi risiko kebakaran di area landside Yogyakarta International Airport.
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif studi kasus dengan
landasan teori mitigasi risiko, keadaan darurat, dan karakteristik baterai lithium-ion.
Data diperoleh dari empat informan melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur,
dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan
Huberman dengan uji keabsahan melalui triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa potensi risiko utama meliputi gangguan sistem kelistrikan,
overheating, thermal runaway, dan re-ignition. Meskipun belum pernah terjadi
insiden kebakaran kendaraan listrik GATe di lokasi penelitian, karakteristik baterai
lithium-ion berpotensi menimbulkan keadaan darurat yang memerlukan
penanganan khusus. Upaya mitigasi yang telah diterapkan meliputi pemeliharaan
kendaraan, koordinasi antarunit, dan kesiapsiagaan personel, diperkuat melalui
rancangan Daily Inspection Checklist yang dihasilkan penelitian ini, disertai
penyempurnaan prosedur operasional dan peningkatan kompetensi personel secara
berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mitigasi risiko kebakaran
kendaraan listrik perlu dilakukan secara preventif, terintegrasi, dan berkelanjutan
untuk mendukung keselamatan operasional bandar udara.

The use of electric vehicles as an airport operational means supports more
environmentally friendly transportation, yet also introduces fire risk potential
arising from the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries. This study analyzes the
potential risk of using the GATe (Gadjahmada Airport Transporter Electric) electric
vehicle, the potential emergency conditions resulting from fire, and fire risk
mitigation efforts in the landside area of Yogyakarta International Airport. This
descriptive qualitative case study draws on theories of risk mitigation, emergency
management, and lithium-ion battery characteristics. Data were collected from four
informants through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation,
then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, with validity
ensured through triangulation. Findings show the primary risks include electrical
system disturbances, overheating, thermal runaway, and re-ignition. Although no
fire incident involving the GATe vehicle has occurred at the research site, lithium�ion battery characteristics pose a potential emergency requiring specific handling.
Mitigation efforts implemented include vehicle maintenance, inter-unit
coordination, and personnel preparedness, strengthened by a Daily Inspection
Checklist developed through this study, alongside refinement of operating
procedures and enhanced personnel competency. This study concludes that fire risk
mitigation for electric vehicles must be preventive, integrated, and sustainable to
support airport operational safety.