PERANCANGAN DENAH VISUAL TERMINAL KEDATANGAN UNTUK MENUNJANG EFEKTIVITAS WAYFINDING DI BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL YOGYAKARTA // VISUAL FLOOR PLAN DESIGN OF THE ARRIVAL TERMINAL TO SUPPORT WAYFINDING EFFECTIVENESS AT YOGYAKARTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Bandar Udara Internasional Yogyakarta mencatatkan total pergerakan penumpang sebanyak 4.048.647 orang sepanjang tahun 2025. Tingginya volume penumpang tersebut menuntut tersedianya sistem navigasi terminal yang baik, namun berdasarkan observasi lapangan selama pelaksanaan On the Job Training
(OJT), masih ditemukan sejumlah penumpang yang mengalami kebingungan dalam menemukan fasilitas di area terminal kedatangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi eksisting sistem penunjuk arah, menilai efektivitasnya dalam
mendukung navigasi penumpang, serta merancang purwarupa denah visual sebagai
media pendukung wayfinding. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and
Development (R&D) dengan model Design and Development Research (DDR)
menurut Richey & Klein (2007), melalui empat tahapan yaitu analisis kebutuhan,
perancangan, pengembangan purwarupa, dan evaluasi. Pendekatan desain berbasis
pengguna diterapkan dalam proses perancangan, sedangkan pengumpulan data
dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara dengan petugas AVSEC, dan validasi ahli.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem penunjuk arah yang ada belum
sepenuhnya optimal, dengan permasalahan utama pada aspek visibilitas, kejelasan
informasi, konsistensi desain, dan beban kognitif penumpang. Penelitian ini
menghasilkan purwarupa denah visual terminal kedatangan yang telah mendapatkan penilaian layak dari dua validator ahli. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan
bahwa purwarupa denah visual memiliki kelayakan untuk digunakan sebagai media
pendukung wayfinding dan berpotensi membantu penumpang memahami orientasi
ruang di terminal kedatangan. // Yogyakarta International Airport recorded a total of 4,048,647 passengers
throughout 2025. This high passenger volume requires a well-designed terminal
navigation system; however, based on field observations during On the Job
Training (OJT), some passengers were still found to be confused about locating
facilities in the arrivals terminal area. This study aims to analyze the current state
of the wayfinding system, assess its effectiveness in supporting passenger
navigation, and design a prototype visual map as a wayfinding aid. This study
employs the Research and Development (R&D) method using the Design and
Development Research (DDR) model proposed by Richey & Klein (2007),
consisting of four stages: needs analysis, design, prototype development, and
evaluation. A user-centered design approach was applied during the design process,
while data collection was conducted through observation, interviews with AVSEC
personnel, and expert validation. The results indicate that the existing wayfinding
system is not yet fully optimal, with key issues related to visibility, clarity of
information, design consistency, and passengers’ cognitive load. This study
produced a prototype of a visual floor plan for the arrivals terminal that received
a “feasible” rating from two expert validators. These results indicate that the
prototype visual floor plan is feasible for use as a wayfinding aid and has the
potential to help passengers understand spatial orientation within the arrivals
terminal.